With the closed cycle aquaculture of ABT, the European Union is in the unique position to solve a number of environmental concerns while developing an enormous economic opportunity. Furthermore the main concerns of buyers when buying tuna from aquaculture are quality, sustainability and feed origin. Additionally this report found that seafood buyers and other stakeholders have difficulties distinguishing between products from capture-based fisheries and fattening operations that use wild seed stock, and products originating from closed cycle aquaculture. For these reasons, this report has provided an updated definition. Most previous definitions of sustainable tuna do not take aquaculture activities into account, particularly not the closed cycle aquaculture of tunas. This report also assesses the market perception of hatchery produced ABT with a focus on sustainability issues. Despite this positive outlook, most of the projects working on ABT in Europe seem to be closing down or halting production. When looking at Japan we see that their sector has already overcome these last challenges and is now producing significant quantities of Pacific Bluefin Tuna (PBT) fingerlings, approximately 500,000 pieces annually. With these improvements in place, the only major remaining challenge is transfer mortality after fingerlings are moved to grow-out cages. Solutions include improved broodstock management, modifications in the general tank setup, adjustments in the use of life feeds and an updated protocol for the harvesting and transferring of juvenile tuna.
Each of these challenges is discussed in this literature review and a number of solutions, often drawn from the latest EU and Japanese research, are presented. These challenges include a shortage of eggs, early floating and sinking deaths in larvae, cannibalism, wall collisions, and transfer mortality. Despite these successes, the majority of these projects face a number of challenges that continue to limit the production of fingerlings in commercial quantities. Several of these projects have had major breakthroughs and have successfully started producing small quantities of ABT fingerlings. To date, hatchery projects are operational or underway in Spain, Malta, Italy, Greece, Egypt, and Turkey.
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BootDiskUtility will download and install the newest version automatically.To develop an approach to the sustainable production of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in Europe, the EU and the private sector have started funding research stations and commercial enterprises around the Mediterranean region to close the life cycle of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT), in the hopes of eventually producing commercial quantities of hatchery-bred fingerlings for farming purposes.
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